Sebelumnya, kita telah membahas mengenai trick-trick pengerjaan structures dan written expressions, berikut merupakan kumpulan soal untuk membantu mempelancar pengerjaan TOEFL, berikut dengan jawaban yang benar.
TOEFL STRUCTURES
1. Amanda Way's career as a social reformer ___ in 1851 when, at an antislavery meeting in Indiana, she called for a state woman's rights convention
A. Begin
B. Began
C. have Begun
D. To Have Begun
Jawaban yang benar : (B) Began
2. The celesta, an orchestral percusission instrument, resembles___.
A. a small upright piano
B. how a small upright piano
C. a small upright piano is
D. as a small upeight piano
Jawaban yang benar : (A)
3. Thomas Paine,___, wrote Common Sense, a pamphlet that identified the American Colonies with the cause liberty.
A. writer of eloquent
B. whose eloquent writing
C. an eloquent writer
D. writing eloquent
Jawabn yang benar : (C)
4. Although beavers rarely remain submerged for ore than two minutes, they can stay underwater___fifteen minutes before having to surface for air.
A. as long
B. as long as
C. so long
D. so long that
Jawaban yang benar : (B)
5. Protein digetion begins in the stomach___ends in the small instestine.
A. while
B. and
C. how
D. Which
Jawaban yang benar : (B)
6. When natural gas burns, its___ into atoms of carbon and hydrogen.
A. hydrocarbon molecules, breaking up
B. broke up by hydrocarbon molecules
C. hydrocarbon molecules break up
D. broken up hydrocarbon molecules
Jawaban yang benar : (C)
7. ___ ballet dancers learn fives basic positions for the arms and feet.
A. all of
B. of every
C. every
D. all
Jawaban yang benar : (C)
8. Some colonies of bryozoans, small marine animals, form___with trailing stems.
A. creeping colonies
B. Which colonies creep
C. creeping colonies are
D. colonies creep
Jawaban yang benar : (A)
9. Rut Bader Ginsburg argued six women;s right cases before the United States Supreme Court in the 1970's___
A. of five winning them
B. five winning of them
C. of them five winning
D. winning five of them
Jawaban yang benar : (D)
10. Natural selection is defined as the process___the course of evolution by preserving those traits best adapted for an organism's survival.
A. to which directs
B. of which directs it
C. directs it
D. that directs
Jawaban yang benar : (D)
11. ___363 miles between the cities of albany and Buffalo in New York State, the Eric Canal helped link the atlantic Ocean with the great Lakes.
A. The extension of
B. The Extension
C. Extending
D. Extends
Jawaban yang benar : (C)
12. The chief sources of B12, a water-soluble vitamin____stored in the body, include meat, milk and eggs.
A. Is not
B. that is not
C. not that is
D. that not
Jawaban yang benar: (B)
13. ___is rooted in experiments in iron and steel conducted in the nineteenth century.
A. While the history of twentieth-centuryarvhitecture
B. The history of twentieth-century architecture
C. That the history of twentieth-century arvhitecture
D. Both twentieth-century architecture and its history
Jawaban yang benar : (B)
14. The primary source of energy for tropical cyclones is the latent heat released when___
A. does water vapor condense
B. condensed water vapor
C. water vapor condenses
D. the condensation of water vapor
Jawaban yang benar : (C)
15. Manufacturing is Canada's most important economic activity,___17 percent of the workforce.
A. engages
B. and to egages
C. that it engage
D. engaging
Jawaban yang benar : (D)
WRITTEN EXPRESSIONS
1. Ethnology, usually considered a branch of cultural anthropology, is often defined as the scientifically study of the origin and functioning of humans and their culture.
Jawaban : Scientifically
Key word : the scientifically study
Kata kunci seharusnya membentuk frasa kata benda, namun penggunaan scientifically (adverb) tidk sesuai karena kata yang diterapkan merupakan noun (study). Kata yang seharusnya dipakai adalah scientific (adjective).
2.The one-fluid theory of electricity was proposing by Benjamin Franklin, a man famous for his wide interest and great attainments.
Jawaban : Proposing
Key word : was proposing by
Kalimat ini seharusnya membentuk kalimat pasif (be + V3) karena ada kata by. Jadi predikat pada kalimat tersebut seharusnya was proposed by.
3. Probably not speech of so few words has ever been as celebrated as Lincoln’s Gettysburg address.
Jawaban : Not speech
Key word : not speech of
Penggunaan speech (‘pidato’) pada kalimat di atas tidak tepat karena tidak bisa digunakan bersamaan dengan not. Frasa yang digunakan seharusnya no speech.
4. Generally, Abstract Expressionist art is without recognizable images and does not adhere thelimits of conventional form.
Jawaban : Adhere the
Key word : adhere the limits
Kata adhere jika diikuti object harus menggunakan to. Jadi frasa yang dipakai seharusnya adhere to the limits.
5. Perhaps the most distinctive features of sharks and undoubtedly one of the most important reasons for their success is their well-debeloped sensory system.
Jawaban : Features
Key words : one of the most important reasons
Karena frasa one of the most important reasons mengacu pada features, maka kata ini harus dalam bentuk tunggal (feature).
6. Almost every the hereditary material of an individual organism resides in the
Jawaban : Every
Key word : every
Kata every tidak mungkin diikuti the, jadi kata ini seharusnya all of.
7. The fiction writer, poetry, and critic Edgar Allan Poe is among the most familiar of American writers and one of the most enigmatic.
Jawaban : Poetry
Key word : writer; critic
Kata and menggabungkan kata-kata yang setara, dalam hal ini writer, poetry, dan critic. Namun penggunaan poetry tidak tepat karena berarti ‘puisi’ sementara dua kata lainnya adalah ‘penulis’ dan ‘kritikus’ yang merupakan profesi. Jadi poetry seharusnya menjadi peot (penyair).
8. In June, 1846, near Sacramento, California, a number of new settlers rebelled in the Bear Flag revolt and proclaiming California an independent republic.
Jawaban : Proclaiming
Key word : and
Kata sambung and membandingkan hal-hal yang setara, dalam kalimat ini yaitu rebelled dan proclaiming. Namun kedua kata ini tidak setara karena rebelled berbentuk lampau dan proclaiming berbentuk gerund. Jadi proclaiming seharusnya diganti proclaimed.
9. Mitosis is the normal process by which a cell divides, each new cell ending up with a same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Jawaban : a
Key word : same
Kata same tidak diawali oleh artikel a karena menunjukkan sesuatu yang pasti. Artikel yang tepat adalah the.
10. There are a series of large-scale wind patterns all over Earth are called prevailing winds that have a direct effect on weather and climate.
Jawaban : Are called
Key word : Earth
Kata earth pada kalimat berfunsi sebagai subjek, karena itu tidak dapat langsung diikuti kata kerja. Dibutuhkan kata kerja untuk menfacu pada earth, yaitu which. Jadi bentuk yang tepat adalah which are called.
11. Polluter (A) is a topic of such importance (B) today that even elementary school children are well informed (C) about its (D) dangers.
Jawab: (A) Polluter
Keyword: Polluter
Kata yang seharusnya digunakan adalah pollutant (penyebab polusi).
12. Best (A) represented in a famous oil painting (B) by da Vinci, The Last Supper it (C) is an important part of the history (D) of Christianity.
Jawab: (C) it
Keyword: The Last Supper it is.
Dalam satu klausa seharusnya hanya ada satu subjek dan satu predikat, karena pada kalimat di atas terdapat subjek ganda, maka kata “it” harus dihilangkan.
13. Together with (A) his friend Little John, Robin Hood are (B) fondly (C) remembered (D) today by millions of people.
Jawab: (B) are
Keyword: Together with.
Noun setelah together with tidak memengaruhi perubahan predikat.
Pada kalimat tersebut subjectnya adalah Robin Hood, maka predikatnya seharusnya was (tunggal, lampau).
14. In Vermont, the (A) sap the maple tree is (B) the primary (C) ingredient in (D) producing maple syrup.
Jawab: (A) the
Keyword: The sap the maple tree.
Kalimat tersebut memiliki subjek ganda sehingga harus ditambahkan of sebelum the maple tree. Hal ini karena the sap tersebut merupakan bagian dari maple tree.
15. After to have (A) won (B) the 1945 Pulitzer Prize for A Bell for Adano, John Hersey wrote (C) a nonfiction book about (D) the bombing of Japan.
Jawab: (A) to have
Keyword: after.
Kata “after” sebagai preposisi (kata depan) + Gerund (Ving), Kata “after” sebagai conjunction (penghubung) + klausa (subyek + predikat).
Pada kalimat tersebut seharusnya “after having won…”
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